diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Acl/Cache/Clearer.php b/application/Espo/Core/Acl/Cache/Clearer.php
index 3b053f97a7..61674923f0 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Acl/Cache/Clearer.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Acl/Cache/Clearer.php
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Utils\File\Manager as FileManager;
 use Espo\Entities\Portal;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 
 /**
  * @todo Clear cache in AclManager.
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ class Clearer
     {
         $portals = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(Portal::class)
-            ->select('id')
+            ->select(Attribute::ID)
             ->find();
 
         foreach ($portals as $portal) {
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Acl/DefaultAssignmentChecker.php b/application/Espo/Core/Acl/DefaultAssignmentChecker.php
index b77538050d..d7bf408a18 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Acl/DefaultAssignmentChecker.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Acl/DefaultAssignmentChecker.php
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Name\Field;
 use Espo\Core\ORM\Entity as CoreEntity;
 use Espo\Core\ORM\Type\FieldType;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Metadata;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\Repositories\User as UserRepository;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ class DefaultAssignmentChecker implements AssignmentChecker
             $teamCollection = $this->entityManager
                 ->getRDBRepository($entity->getEntityType())
                 ->getRelation($entity, self::FIELD_TEAMS)
-                ->select('id')
+                ->select(Attribute::ID)
                 ->find();
 
             foreach ($teamCollection as $team) {
@@ -364,7 +365,7 @@ class DefaultAssignmentChecker implements AssignmentChecker
                     User::TYPE_REGULAR,
                     User::TYPE_ADMIN,
                 ],
-                'id' => $ids,
+                Attribute::ID => $ids,
             ])
             ->count();
 
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/ApplicationUser.php b/application/Espo/Core/ApplicationUser.php
index 2eb79b1177..64b9296129 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/ApplicationUser.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/ApplicationUser.php
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Utils\SystemUser;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\Core\ORM\EntityManagerProxy;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use RuntimeException;
 
 /**
@@ -56,14 +57,14 @@ class ApplicationUser
         $user = $this->entityManagerProxy
             ->getRDBRepository(User::ENTITY_TYPE)
             ->select([
-                'id',
+                Attribute::ID,
                 'name',
                 'userName',
                 'type',
                 'isActive',
                 'firstName',
                 'lastName',
-                'deleted',
+                Attribute::DELETED,
             ])
             ->where(['userName' => SystemUser::NAME])
             ->findOne();
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Field/LinkMultiple/LinkMultipleFactory.php b/application/Espo/Core/Field/LinkMultiple/LinkMultipleFactory.php
index 521394337a..c9eb7c92c0 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Field/LinkMultiple/LinkMultipleFactory.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Field/LinkMultiple/LinkMultipleFactory.php
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use Espo\Core\ORM\Type\FieldType;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Value\ValueFactory;
 
 use Espo\Core\Field\LinkMultiple;
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ class LinkMultipleFactory implements ValueFactory
 
         $columnData = (object) [];
 
-        $select = ['id'];
+        $select = [Attribute::ID];
 
         $entityDefs = $this->ormDefs->getEntity($entity->getEntityType());
 
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobRunner.php b/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobRunner.php
index 2e91c2e7bf..12b600f9f9 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobRunner.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobRunner.php
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Job\Job\Data;
 use Espo\Core\Job\Job\Status;
 use Espo\Entities\Job as JobEntity;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use LogicException;
 use RuntimeException;
 use Throwable;
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ class JobRunner
             $this->log->critical("Failed job {id}. {message}", [
                 'exception' => $e,
                 'message' => $e->getMessage(),
-                'id' => $jobId,
+                Attribute::ID => $jobId,
             ]);
 
             if ($throwException) {
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobTask.php b/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobTask.php
index 70cf066dee..325001c0cd 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobTask.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Job/JobTask.php
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 namespace Espo\Core\Job;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Spatie\Async\Task as AsyncTask;
 
 use Espo\Core\Application;
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ class JobTask extends AsyncTask
     {
         $app = new Application();
 
-        $params = RunnerParams::create()->with('id', $this->jobId);
+        $params = RunnerParams::create()->with(Attribute::ID, $this->jobId);
 
         try {
             $app->run(JobRunner::class, $params);
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/CollectionHelper.php b/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/CollectionHelper.php
index 32ac79fd72..91a17f6fdd 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/CollectionHelper.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/CollectionHelper.php
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
 
 use DateTimeImmutable;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 
 /**
  * Creates jobs for each entity of a collection.
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ class CollectionHelper
     {
         $running = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepository(Job::ENTITY_TYPE)
-            ->select('id')
+            ->select(Attribute::ID)
             ->where([
                 'scheduledJobId' => $data->getId(),
                 'status' => [
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/Preparators/ProcessJobGroupPreparator.php b/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/Preparators/ProcessJobGroupPreparator.php
index 7b5724bae0..9693a6893b 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/Preparators/ProcessJobGroupPreparator.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Job/Preparator/Preparators/ProcessJobGroupPreparator.php
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
 use Espo\Entities\Job as JobEntity;
 
 use DateTimeImmutable;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 
 class ProcessJobGroupPreparator implements Preparator
 {
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ class ProcessJobGroupPreparator implements Preparator
         foreach ($groupList as $group) {
             $existingJob = $this->entityManager
                 ->getRDBRepository(JobEntity::ENTITY_TYPE)
-                ->select('id')
+                ->select(Attribute::ID)
                 ->where([
                     'scheduledJobId' => $data->getId(),
                     'targetGroup' => $group,
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Job/QueueUtil.php b/application/Espo/Core/Job/QueueUtil.php
index 89ba466c4a..af70e1680f 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Job/QueueUtil.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Job/QueueUtil.php
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ use Espo\Entities\Job as JobEntity;
 use Espo\ORM\Collection;
 
 use DateTime;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Exception;
 use LogicException;
 
@@ -59,8 +60,8 @@ class QueueUtil
         /** @var ?JobEntity $job */
         $job = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
-            ->select(['id', 'status'])
-            ->where(['id' => $id])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID, 'status'])
+            ->where([Attribute::ID => $id])
             ->forUpdate()
             ->findOne();
 
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ class QueueUtil
         $builder = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
             ->select([
-                'id',
+                Attribute::ID,
                 'scheduledJobId',
                 'scheduledJobJob',
                 'executeTime',
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ class QueueUtil
 
         return (bool) $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
-            ->select(['id'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
             ->where($where)
             ->findOne();
     }
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ class QueueUtil
 
         $job = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
-            ->select(['id'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
             ->where([
                 'scheduledJobId' => $scheduledJobId,
                 'status' => [ // This forces usage of an appropriate index.
@@ -238,7 +239,7 @@ class QueueUtil
         $runningJobList = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
             ->select([
-                'id',
+                Attribute::ID,
                 'scheduledJobId',
                 'executeTime',
                 'targetId',
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@ class QueueUtil
         $failedJobList = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
             ->select([
-                'id',
+                Attribute::ID,
                 'scheduledJobId',
                 'executeTime',
                 'targetId',
@@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ class QueueUtil
         $runningJobList = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
             ->select([
-                'id',
+                Attribute::ID,
                 'scheduledJobId',
                 'executeTime',
                 'targetId',
@@ -364,7 +365,7 @@ class QueueUtil
                 'attempts' => 0,
             ])
             ->where([
-                'id' => $jobIdList,
+                Attribute::ID => $jobIdList,
             ])
             ->build();
 
@@ -425,7 +426,7 @@ class QueueUtil
         foreach ($scheduledJobIdList as $scheduledJobId) {
             $toRemoveJobList = $this->entityManager
                 ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
-                ->select(['id'])
+                ->select([Attribute::ID])
                 ->where([
                     'scheduledJobId' => $scheduledJobId,
                     'status' => Status::PENDING,
@@ -448,7 +449,7 @@ class QueueUtil
                 ->getQueryBuilder()
                 ->delete()
                 ->from(JobEntity::ENTITY_TYPE)
-                ->where(['id' => $jobIdList])
+                ->where([Attribute::ID => $jobIdList])
                 ->build();
 
             $this->entityManager->getQueryExecutor()->execute($delete);
@@ -463,7 +464,7 @@ class QueueUtil
         $jobCollection = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(JobEntity::class)
             ->select([
-                'id',
+                Attribute::ID,
                 'attempts',
                 'failedAttempts',
             ])
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Job/ScheduleUtil.php b/application/Espo/Core/Job/ScheduleUtil.php
index 41611a072f..47b21e5995 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Job/ScheduleUtil.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Job/ScheduleUtil.php
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\Collection;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
 use Espo\Entities\ScheduledJob as ScheduledJobEntity;
 use Espo\Entities\ScheduledJobLogRecord as ScheduledJobLogRecordEntity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 
 class ScheduleUtil
 {
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ class ScheduleUtil
         $collection = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepository(ScheduledJobEntity::ENTITY_TYPE)
             ->select([
-                'id',
+                Attribute::ID,
                 'scheduling',
                 'job',
                 'name',
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/Account.php b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/Account.php
index c4f7a0bf34..78b19b8cc7 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/Account.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/Account.php
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
 use Espo\Core\Mail\Account\Account as AccountInterface;
 use Espo\Core\Mail\Account\FetchData;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use RuntimeException;
 
 class Account implements AccountInterface
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ class Account implements AccountInterface
 
         $users = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(User::class)
-            ->select(['id'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
             ->distinct()
             ->join(Field::TEAMS)
             ->where([
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/StorageFactory.php b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/StorageFactory.php
index 13560d1ac0..af3adb60f8 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/StorageFactory.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/GroupAccount/StorageFactory.php
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Mail\Mail\Storage\Imap;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Log;
 use Espo\Core\InjectableFactory;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Laminas\Mail\Storage\Exception\RuntimeException;
 use Laminas\Mail\Storage\Exception\InvalidArgumentException;
 use Laminas\Mail\Protocol\Exception\RuntimeException as ProtocolRuntimeException;
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ class StorageFactory implements StorageFactoryInterface
             'username' => $params->getUsername(),
             'password' => $params->getPassword(),
             'imapHandler' => $params->getImapHandlerClassName(),
-            'id' => $params->getId(),
+            Attribute::ID => $params->getId(),
         ];
 
         if ($params->getSecurity()) {
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/PersonalAccount/StorageFactory.php b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/PersonalAccount/StorageFactory.php
index 6fe9ec77b0..3625b7f554 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/PersonalAccount/StorageFactory.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/PersonalAccount/StorageFactory.php
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Mail\Account\Storage\LaminasStorage;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Log;
 use Espo\Core\InjectableFactory;
 use Espo\Entities\UserData;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\Repositories\UserData as UserDataRepository;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
 
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ class StorageFactory implements StorageFactoryInterface
             'emailAddress' => $params->getEmailAddress(),
             'userId' => $params->getUserId(),
             'imapHandler' => $params->getImapHandlerClassName(),
-            'id' => $params->getId(),
+            Attribute::ID => $params->getId(),
         ];
 
         if ($params->getSecurity()) {
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/SendingAccountProvider.php b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/SendingAccountProvider.php
index 6b27e65ee3..6e655435e8 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/SendingAccountProvider.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/SendingAccountProvider.php
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ use Espo\Entities\EmailAccount as EmailAccountEntity;
 use Espo\Entities\InboundEmail as InboundEmailEntity;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Condition;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Expression;
 use RuntimeException;
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ class SendingAccountProvider
 
             $entity = $this->entityManager
                 ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(InboundEmailEntity::class)
-                ->select(['id'])
+                ->select([Attribute::ID])
                 ->distinct()
                 ->join(Field::TEAMS)
                 ->where([
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ class SendingAccountProvider
         if ($level === Table::LEVEL_ALL) {
             $entity = $this->entityManager
                 ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(InboundEmailEntity::class)
-                ->select(['id'])
+                ->select([Attribute::ID])
                 ->where([
                     'status' => InboundEmailEntity::STATUS_ACTIVE,
                     'useSmtp' => true,
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ class SendingAccountProvider
     {
         $entity = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(InboundEmailEntity::class)
-            ->select(['id'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
             ->where([
                 'status' => InboundEmailEntity::STATUS_ACTIVE,
                 'useSmtp' => true,
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ class SendingAccountProvider
 
         $entity = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(EmailAccountEntity::class)
-            ->select(['id'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
             ->where([
                 'assignedUserId' => $user->getId(),
                 'status' => EmailAccountEntity::STATUS_ACTIVE,
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/Util/NotificationHelper.php b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/Util/NotificationHelper.php
index f4eb7086db..ea91349c22 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/Util/NotificationHelper.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Account/Util/NotificationHelper.php
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ use Espo\Entities\InboundEmail;
 use Espo\Entities\Notification;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 
 class NotificationHelper
 {
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ class NotificationHelper
     {
         $users = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(User::class)
-            ->select(['id'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
             ->where([
                 'isActive' => true,
                 'type' => User::TYPE_ADMIN,
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultDuplicateFinder.php b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultDuplicateFinder.php
index 777c50b86c..927a1c198b 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultDuplicateFinder.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultDuplicateFinder.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Mail\Importer;
 use Espo\Core\Mail\Message;
 use Espo\Entities\Email;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 
 class DefaultDuplicateFinder implements DuplicateFinder
 {
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ class DefaultDuplicateFinder implements DuplicateFinder
 
         return $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(Email::class)
-            ->select(['id', 'status'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID, 'status'])
             ->where([
                 'messageId' => $email->getMessageId(),
             ])
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultImporter.php b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultImporter.php
index b96e6702b4..3966e4f42f 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultImporter.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Mail/Importer/DefaultImporter.php
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ use Espo\Entities\EmailFilter;
 use Espo\Entities\GroupEmailFolder;
 use Espo\Entities\Team;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Condition;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Expression;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder;
@@ -596,7 +597,7 @@ class DefaultImporter implements Importer
         $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(Email::class)
             ->forUpdate()
-            ->where(['id' => $email->getId()])
+            ->where([Attribute::ID => $email->getId()])
             ->findOne();
 
         $this->entityManager->saveEntity($email, [Email::SAVE_OPTION_IS_BEING_IMPORTED => true]);
@@ -670,15 +671,15 @@ class DefaultImporter implements Importer
 
         $users = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepositoryByClass(User::class)
-            ->select(['id'])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
             ->where([
                 'type' => [User::TYPE_REGULAR, User::TYPE_ADMIN],
                 'isActive' => true,
-                'id!=' => $fetchedUserIds,
+                Attribute::ID . '!=' => $fetchedUserIds,
             ])
             ->where(
                 Condition::in(
-                    Expression::column('id'),
+                    Expression::column(Attribute::ID),
                     SelectBuilder::create()
                         ->from(Team::RELATIONSHIP_TEAM_USER)
                         ->select('userId')
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Name/Field.php b/application/Espo/Core/Name/Field.php
index 40828b10a6..6213bfda07 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Name/Field.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Name/Field.php
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Name;
 
 class Field
 {
+    public const ID = 'id';
     public const CREATED_BY = 'createdBy';
     public const CREATED_AT = 'createdAt';
     public const MODIFIED_BY = 'modifiedBy';
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/ORM/Entity.php b/application/Espo/Core/ORM/Entity.php
index be2020a9b6..73210af59e 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/ORM/Entity.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/ORM/Entity.php
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Field\Link;
 use Espo\Core\Field\LinkParent;
 use Espo\Core\ORM\Defs\AttributeParam;
 use Espo\ORM\BaseEntity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Order;
 use Espo\ORM\Type\AttributeType;
 use Espo\ORM\Type\RelationType;
@@ -110,11 +111,11 @@ class Entity extends BaseEntity
 
         $repository = $this->entityManager->getRDBRepository($parentType);
 
-        $select = ['id', 'name'];
+        $select = [Attribute::ID, 'name'];
 
         $foreignEntity = $repository
             ->select($select)
-            ->where(['id' => $parentId])
+            ->where([Attribute::ID => $parentId])
             ->findOne();
 
         $entityName = $foreignEntity ? $foreignEntity->get('name') : null;
@@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ class Entity extends BaseEntity
             throw new LogicException("No entity-manager.");
         }
 
-        $select = ['id', 'name'];
+        $select = [Attribute::ID, 'name'];
 
         $hasType = $this->hasAttribute($field . 'Types');
 
@@ -343,7 +344,7 @@ class Entity extends BaseEntity
             throw new LogicException("No entity-manager.");
         }
 
-        $select = ['id', 'name'];
+        $select = [Attribute::ID, 'name'];
 
         $entity = $this->entityManager
             ->getRDBRepository($this->getEntityType())
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Record/Service.php b/application/Espo/Core/Record/Service.php
index e4fab90e5c..a36c23fda8 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Record/Service.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Record/Service.php
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Record\Select\ApplierClassNameListProvider;
 use Espo\Core\Select\SearchParams;
 use Espo\Core\Di;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Repository\RDBRepository;
 use Espo\ORM\Collection;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\WhereClause;
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ class Service implements Crud,
 
         $entity = $this->getRepository()
             ->clone($query)
-            ->where(['id' => $id])
+            ->where([Attribute::ID => $id])
             ->findOne();
 
         if (!$entity && $this->user->isAdmin()) {
@@ -873,7 +874,7 @@ class Service implements Crud,
             ->select()
             ->from($this->entityType)
             ->where([
-                'id' => $id,
+                Attribute::ID => $id,
             ])
             ->withDeleted()
             ->build();
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyOwn.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyOwn.php
index 7f374e2e42..71062f6d80 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyOwn.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyOwn.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filters;
 use Espo\Core\Name\Field;
 use Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filter;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Metadata;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
@@ -82,6 +83,6 @@ class ForeignOnlyOwn implements Filter
             return;
         }
 
-        $queryBuilder->where(['id' => null]);
+        $queryBuilder->where([Attribute::ID => null]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyTeam.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyTeam.php
index d6469cb385..c47e9845dc 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyTeam.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/ForeignOnlyTeam.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filters;
 use Espo\Core\Name\Field;
 use Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filter;
 use Espo\Entities\Team;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Condition;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Expression;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Where\OrGroup;
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ class ForeignOnlyTeam implements Filter
         $ownerAttribute = $this->getOwnerAttribute($link);
 
         if (!$ownerAttribute) {
-            $queryBuilder->where(['id' => null]);
+            $queryBuilder->where([Attribute::ID => null]);
 
             return;
         }
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/No.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/No.php
index 58c35d633a..5bc3cc9487 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/No.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/No.php
@@ -30,12 +30,13 @@
 namespace Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filters;
 
 use Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filter;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
 
 class No implements Filter
 {
     public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder): void
     {
-        $queryBuilder->where(['id' => null]);
+        $queryBuilder->where([Attribute::ID => null]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/OnlyTeam.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/OnlyTeam.php
index b331861cfe..227fe61721 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/OnlyTeam.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/OnlyTeam.php
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Select\Helpers\FieldHelper;
 use Espo\Entities\Team;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
 
 /**
@@ -52,16 +53,16 @@ class OnlyTeam implements Filter
     public function apply(QueryBuilder $queryBuilder): void
     {
         if (!$this->fieldHelper->hasTeamsField()) {
-            $queryBuilder->where(['id' => null]);
+            $queryBuilder->where([Attribute::ID => null]);
 
             return;
         }
 
         $subQueryBuilder = QueryBuilder::create()
-            ->select('id')
+            ->select(Attribute::ID)
             ->from($this->entityType)
             ->leftJoin(Team::RELATIONSHIP_ENTITY_TEAM, 'entityTeam', [
-                'entityTeam.entityId:' => 'id',
+                'entityTeam.entityId:' => Attribute::ID,
                 'entityTeam.entityType' => $this->entityType,
                 'entityTeam.deleted' => false,
             ]);
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ class OnlyTeam implements Filter
             $key2 = $relationDefs->getForeignMidKey();
 
             $subQueryBuilder->leftJoin($middleEntityType, 'assignedUsersMiddle', [
-                "assignedUsersMiddle.$key1:" => 'id',
+                "assignedUsersMiddle.$key1:" => Attribute::ID,
                 'assignedUsersMiddle.deleted' => false,
             ]);
 
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ class OnlyTeam implements Filter
             $key2 = $relationDefs->getForeignMidKey();
 
             $subQueryBuilder->leftJoin($middleEntityType, 'collaboratorsMiddle', [
-                "collaboratorsMiddle.$key1:" => 'id',
+                "collaboratorsMiddle.$key1:" => Attribute::ID,
                 'collaboratorsMiddle.deleted' => false,
             ]);
 
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyAccount.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyAccount.php
index 6ed29320bf..f8b2354457 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyAccount.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyAccount.php
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Select\Helpers\FieldHelper;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\Modules\Crm\Entities\Account;
 use Espo\Modules\Crm\Entities\Contact;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Condition as Cond;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Expression as Expr;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Where\OrGroup;
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ class PortalOnlyAccount implements Filter
 
                 $orBuilder->add(
                     Cond::in(
-                        Expr::column('id'),
+                        Expr::column(Attribute::ID),
                         QueryBuilder::create()
                             ->from(ucfirst($defs->getRelationshipName()), 'm')
                             ->select($defs->getMidKey())
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ class PortalOnlyAccount implements Filter
 
                 $orBuilder->add(
                     Cond::in(
-                        Expr::column('id'),
+                        Expr::column(Attribute::ID),
                         QueryBuilder::create()
                             ->from(ucfirst($defs->getRelationshipName()), 'm')
                             ->select($defs->getMidKey())
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ class PortalOnlyAccount implements Filter
         $orGroup = $orBuilder->build();
 
         if ($orGroup->getItemCount() === 0) {
-            $queryBuilder->where(['id' => null]);
+            $queryBuilder->where([Attribute::ID => null]);
 
             return;
         }
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyOwn.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyOwn.php
index c52091c38b..4539b94b39 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyOwn.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/AccessControl/Filters/PortalOnlyOwn.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filters;
 use Espo\Core\Select\AccessControl\Filter;
 use Espo\Core\Select\Helpers\FieldHelper;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
 
 class PortalOnlyOwn implements Filter
@@ -49,6 +50,6 @@ class PortalOnlyOwn implements Filter
             return;
         }
 
-        $queryBuilder->where(['id' => null]);
+        $queryBuilder->where([Attribute::ID => null]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/Followed.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/Followed.php
index f599150597..1dac1fdd93 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/Followed.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/Followed.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Select\Bool\Filters;
 use Espo\Core\Select\Bool\Filter;
 use Espo\Entities\StreamSubscription;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Where\OrGroupBuilder;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\WhereClause;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ class Followed implements Filter
             $alias,
             [
                 $alias . '.entityType' => $this->entityType,
-                $alias . '.entityId=:' => 'id',
+                $alias . '.entityId=:' => Attribute::ID,
                 $alias . '.userId' => $this->user->getId(),
             ]
         );
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/OnlyMy.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/OnlyMy.php
index a7bc40b847..91d61c09a1 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/OnlyMy.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Bool/Filters/OnlyMy.php
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Select\Bool\Filter;
 use Espo\Core\Select\Helpers\FieldHelper;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Condition as Cond;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Where\OrGroupBuilder;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
@@ -75,10 +76,10 @@ class OnlyMy implements Filter
             $key2 = $relationDefs->getForeignMidKey();
 
             $subQuery = QueryBuilder::create()
-                ->select('id')
+                ->select(Attribute::ID)
                 ->from($this->entityType)
                 ->leftJoin($middleEntityType, 'assignedUsersMiddle', [
-                    "assignedUsersMiddle.$key1:" => 'id',
+                    "assignedUsersMiddle.$key1:" => Attribute::ID,
                     'assignedUsersMiddle.deleted' => false,
                 ])
                 ->where(["assignedUsersMiddle.$key2" => $this->user->getId()])
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ class OnlyMy implements Filter
 
             $orGroupBuilder->add(
                 Cond::in(
-                    Cond::column('id'),
+                    Cond::column(Attribute::ID),
                     $subQuery
                 )
             );
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Order/Applier.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Order/Applier.php
index 4f61c84eaf..89b9479bff 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Order/Applier.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Order/Applier.php
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Select\Order;
 
 use Espo\Core\Exceptions\BadRequest;
 use Espo\Core\ORM\Type\FieldType;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\OrderList;
 use Espo\Core\Exceptions\Forbidden;
 use Espo\Core\Select\Order\Item as OrderItem;
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ class Applier
         $orderBy = $this->metadataProvider->getDefaultOrderBy($this->entityType);
 
         if (!$orderBy) {
-            $queryBuilder->order('id', $order);
+            $queryBuilder->order(Attribute::ID, $order);
 
             return;
         }
@@ -143,8 +144,8 @@ class Applier
                 OrderItem::create($orderBy, $order)
             );
 
-            if ($order !== 'id') {
-                $queryBuilder->order('id', $order);
+            if ($order !== Attribute::ID) {
+                $queryBuilder->order(Attribute::ID, $order);
             }
 
             return;
@@ -185,14 +186,14 @@ class Applier
         }
 
         if (
-            $orderBy !== 'id' &&
+            $orderBy !== Attribute::ID &&
             (
                 !$orderByAttribute ||
                 !$this->metadataProvider->isAttributeParamUniqueTrue($this->entityType, $orderByAttribute)
             ) &&
-            $this->metadataProvider->hasAttribute($this->entityType, 'id')
+            $this->metadataProvider->hasAttribute($this->entityType, Attribute::ID)
         ) {
-            $resultOrderBy[] = ['id', $order];
+            $resultOrderBy[] = [Attribute::ID, $order];
         }
 
         $queryBuilder->order($resultOrderBy);
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Followed.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Followed.php
index 1782adcc12..14e46d2947 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Followed.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Followed.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Select\Primary\Filters;
 use Espo\Core\Select\Primary\Filter;
 use Espo\Entities\StreamSubscription;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
 
 class Followed implements Filter
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ class Followed implements Filter
             $alias,
             [
                 $alias . '.entityType' => $this->entityType,
-                $alias . '.entityId=:' => 'id',
+                $alias . '.entityId=:' => Attribute::ID,
                 $alias . '.userId' => $this->user->getId(),
             ]
         );
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Starred.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Starred.php
index 9bb14e833b..88cd48972e 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Starred.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Primary/Filters/Starred.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\Core\Select\Primary\Filters;
 use Espo\Core\Select\Primary\Filter;
 use Espo\Entities\StarSubscription;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
 
 /**
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ class Starred implements Filter
             $alias,
             [
                 "$alias.entityType" => $this->entityType,
-                "$alias.entityId=:" => 'id',
+                "$alias.entityId=:" => Attribute::ID,
                 "$alias.userId" => $this->user->getId(),
             ]
         );
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Select/Applier.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Select/Applier.php
index 112c170752..0d95d89a25 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Select/Applier.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Select/Applier.php
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Utils\FieldUtil;
 
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectBuilder as QueryBuilder;
 
 class Applier
@@ -121,8 +122,8 @@ class Applier
 
         $attributeList = [];
 
-        if (!in_array('id', $passedAttributeList)) {
-            $attributeList[] = 'id';
+        if (!in_array(Attribute::ID, $passedAttributeList)) {
+            $attributeList[] = Attribute::ID;
         }
 
         foreach ($this->getAclAttributeList() as $attribute) {
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/SelectManager.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/SelectManager.php
index d9d43a6063..8987711b1e 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/SelectManager.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/SelectManager.php
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Utils\Metadata;
 
 use Espo\Entities\StreamSubscription;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Select as SelectQuery;
 use Espo\ORM\QueryComposer\BaseQueryComposer as QueryComposer;
 
@@ -249,11 +250,11 @@ class SelectManager
             }
 
             if (
-                $sortBy != 'id' &&
+                $sortBy != Attribute::ID &&
                 (!$orderByAttribute || !$this->getSeed()->getAttributeParam($orderByAttribute, 'unique')) &&
-                $this->getSeed()->hasAttribute('id')
+                $this->getSeed()->hasAttribute(Attribute::ID)
             ) {
-                $result['orderBy'][] = ['id', $desc];
+                $result['orderBy'][] = [Attribute::ID, $desc];
             }
 
             return;
@@ -2931,8 +2932,8 @@ class SelectManager
         $seed = $this->getSeed();
 
         $attributeList = [];
-        if (!in_array('id', $passedAttributeList)) {
-            $attributeList[] = 'id';
+        if (!in_array(Attribute::ID, $passedAttributeList)) {
+            $attributeList[] = Attribute::ID;
         }
 
         $aclAttributeList = $this->aclAttributeList;
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Where/ItemGeneralConverter.php b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Where/ItemGeneralConverter.php
index f1c5c6b5c8..718ed0e11b 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Select/Where/ItemGeneralConverter.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Select/Where/ItemGeneralConverter.php
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ use Espo\Entities\ArrayValue;
 use Espo\Entities\User;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs as ORMDefs;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Condition as Cond;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Join;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\WhereClause;
@@ -1499,7 +1500,7 @@ class ItemGeneralConverter implements ItemConverter
             $relationType == Entity::HAS_ONE
         ) {
             $subQuery = QueryBuilder::create()
-                ->select('id')
+                ->select(Attribute::ID)
                 ->from($this->entityType)
                 ->leftJoin($link, $alias)
                 ->where([$alias . '.id' => $value])
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/Converter.php b/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/Converter.php
index 843c53ad3a..e89de5f8fc 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/Converter.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/Converter.php
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\Defs\RelationDefs;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Metadata;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Metadata\Helper as MetadataHelper;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use LogicException;
 
 class Converter
@@ -373,14 +374,14 @@ class Converter
         ];
 
         $output = [
-            'id' => [
+            Attribute::ID => [
                 'type' => Entity::ID,
             ],
             'name' => [
                 'type' => $entityMetadata['fields']['name']['type'] ?? Entity::VARCHAR,
                 'notStorable' => true,
             ],
-            'deleted' => [
+            Attribute::DELETED => [
                 'type' => Entity::BOOL,
                 'default' => false,
             ],
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/EmailEmailAddress.php b/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/EmailEmailAddress.php
index 1f364985ec..7899ff4cfa 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/EmailEmailAddress.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/EmailEmailAddress.php
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Utils\Database\Orm\Defs\RelationDefs;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Database\Orm\LinkConverter;
 use Espo\Entities\EmailAddress;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs\RelationDefs as LinkDefs;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Type\AttributeType;
 use Espo\ORM\Type\RelationType;
 
@@ -55,8 +56,8 @@ class EmailEmailAddress implements LinkConverter
         $relationDefs = RelationDefs::create($name)
             ->withType(RelationType::MANY_MANY)
             ->withForeignEntityType($foreignEntityType)
-            ->withKey('id')
-            ->withForeignKey('id')
+            ->withKey(Attribute::ID)
+            ->withForeignKey(Attribute::ID)
             ->withMidKeys($key1, $key2);
 
         return EntityDefs::create()
diff --git a/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/ManyMany.php b/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/ManyMany.php
index 17a37e3bc6..fa58a67efd 100644
--- a/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/ManyMany.php
+++ b/application/Espo/Core/Utils/Database/Orm/LinkConverters/ManyMany.php
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ use Espo\Core\Utils\Database\Orm\Defs\RelationDefs;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Database\Orm\LinkConverter;
 use Espo\Core\Utils\Util;
 use Espo\ORM\Defs\RelationDefs as LinkDefs;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Type\AttributeType;
 use Espo\ORM\Type\RelationType;
 
@@ -70,8 +71,8 @@ class ManyMany implements LinkConverter
             ->withType(RelationType::MANY_MANY)
             ->withForeignEntityType($foreignEntityType)
             ->withRelationshipName($relationshipName)
-            ->withKey('id')
-            ->withForeignKey('id')
+            ->withKey(Attribute::ID)
+            ->withForeignKey(Attribute::ID)
             ->withMidKeys($key1, $key2)
             ->withForeignRelationName($foreignRelationName);
 
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/BaseEntity.php b/application/Espo/ORM/BaseEntity.php
index 68c2e49c44..60bc697fbd 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/BaseEntity.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/BaseEntity.php
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 namespace Espo\ORM;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Relation\EmptyRelations;
 use Espo\ORM\Relation\Relations;
 use Espo\ORM\Type\AttributeType;
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
     public function getId(): string
     {
         /** @var ?string $id */
-        $id = $this->get('id');
+        $id = $this->get(Attribute::ID);
 
         if ($id === null) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Entity ID is not set.");
@@ -173,7 +174,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
         if (is_string($arg)) {
             $name = $arg;
 
-            if ($name == 'id') {
+            if ($name == Attribute::ID) {
                 $this->id = $value;
             }
 
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
      */
     public function get(string $attribute): mixed
     {
-        if ($attribute === 'id') {
+        if ($attribute === Attribute::ID) {
             return $this->id;
         }
 
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
      */
     public function has(string $attribute): bool
     {
-        if ($attribute == 'id') {
+        if ($attribute == Attribute::ID) {
             return (bool) $this->id;
         }
 
@@ -435,7 +436,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
 
         return $type === AttributeType::FOREIGN &&
             $this->getAttributeParam($attribute, 'relation') === substr($attribute, 0, -2) &&
-            $this->getAttributeParam($attribute, 'foreign') === 'id' &&
+            $this->getAttributeParam($attribute, 'foreign') === Attribute::ID &&
             str_ends_with($attribute, 'Id');
     }
 
@@ -675,11 +676,11 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
         $map = [];
 
         if (isset($this->id)) {
-            $map['id'] = $this->id;
+            $map[Attribute::ID] = $this->id;
         }
 
         foreach ($this->getAttributeList() as $attribute) {
-            if ($attribute === 'id') {
+            if ($attribute === Attribute::ID) {
                 continue;
             }
 
@@ -872,7 +873,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
      */
     public function getFetched(string $attribute)
     {
-        if ($attribute === 'id') {
+        if ($attribute === Attribute::ID) {
             return $this->id;
         }
 
@@ -888,7 +889,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
      */
     public function hasFetched(string $attribute): bool
     {
-        if ($attribute === 'id') {
+        if ($attribute === Attribute::ID) {
             return !is_null($this->id);
         }
 
@@ -1074,7 +1075,7 @@ class BaseEntity implements Entity
                 continue;
             }
 
-            if ($attribute === 'id') {
+            if ($attribute === Attribute::ID) {
                 $this->id = $data[$attribute];
 
                 continue;
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/EntityCollection.php b/application/Espo/ORM/EntityCollection.php
index 5c2920700f..59fc5a657d 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/EntityCollection.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/EntityCollection.php
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 namespace Espo\ORM;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Iterator;
 use Countable;
 use ArrayAccess;
@@ -317,11 +318,11 @@ class EntityCollection implements Collection, Iterator, Countable, ArrayAccess,
         if (is_array($value)) {
             foreach ($this->dataList as $v) {
                 if (is_array($v)) {
-                    if ($value['id'] == $v['id']) {
+                    if ($value[Attribute::ID] == $v[Attribute::ID]) {
                         return $index;
                     }
                 } else if ($v instanceof Entity) {
-                    if ($value['id'] == $v->getId()) {
+                    if ($value[Attribute::ID] == $v->getId()) {
                         return $index;
                     }
                 }
@@ -331,7 +332,7 @@ class EntityCollection implements Collection, Iterator, Countable, ArrayAccess,
         } else if ($value instanceof Entity) {
             foreach ($this->dataList as $v) {
                 if (is_array($v)) {
-                    if ($value->getId() == $v['id']) {
+                    if ($value->getId() == $v[Attribute::ID]) {
                         return $index;
                     }
                 } else if ($v instanceof Entity) {
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/BaseMapper.php b/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/BaseMapper.php
index 111bf3cdf3..36293a2913 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/BaseMapper.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/BaseMapper.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\ORM\Mapper;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\ORM\BaseEntity;
 use Espo\ORM\Collection;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\DeleteBuilder;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\InsertBuilder;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Selection;
@@ -59,8 +60,8 @@ use const JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE;
  */
 class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
 {
-    private const ATTR_ID = 'id';
-    private const ATTR_DELETED = 'deleted';
+    private const ATTR_ID = Attribute::ID;
+    private const ATTR_DELETED = Attribute::DELETED;
     private const FUNC_COUNT = 'COUNT';
 
     private Helper $helper;
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
      */
     public function count(Select $select): int
     {
-        return (int) $this->aggregate($select, self::FUNC_COUNT, 'id');
+        return (int) $this->aggregate($select, self::FUNC_COUNT, Attribute::ID);
     }
 
     public function max(Select $select, string $attribute): int|float
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
     private function convertSelectQueryToAggregation(
         Select $select,
         string $aggregation,
-        string $aggregationBy = 'id'
+        string $aggregationBy = Attribute::ID
     ): Select {
 
         $expression = "$aggregation:($aggregationBy)";
@@ -246,7 +247,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
         $subQueryBuilder = SelectBuilder::create()
             ->clone($selectAggregation)
             ->select([])
-            ->select('id');
+            ->select(Attribute::ID);
 
         if ($select->isDistinct()) {
             $subQueryBuilder->distinct();
@@ -776,7 +777,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
                    $selectColumns[] = ["VALUE:$value", "v$i"];
                 }
 
-                $selectColumns[] = 'id';
+                $selectColumns[] = Attribute::ID;
 
                 $subQuery = SelectBuilder::create()
                     ->clone($select)
@@ -816,7 +817,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
             $id = $relEntity->getId();
         }
 
-        if (empty($id) || empty($relationName) || !$entity->get('id')) {
+        if (empty($id) || empty($relationName) || !$entity->get(Attribute::ID)) {
             throw new RuntimeException("Can't relate an empty entity or relation name.");
         }
 
@@ -840,7 +841,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
         if (is_null($relEntity)) {
             $relEntity = $this->entityFactory->create($foreignEntityType);
 
-            $relEntity->set('id', $id);
+            $relEntity->set(Attribute::ID, $id);
         }
 
         $keySet = $this->helper->getRelationKeys($entity, $relationName);
@@ -1035,7 +1036,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
 
                 $selectQuery = SelectBuilder::create()
                     ->from($middleName)
-                    ->select(['id'])
+                    ->select([Attribute::ID])
                     ->where($where)
                     ->withDeleted()
                     ->build();
@@ -1131,7 +1132,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
         if (is_null($relEntity) && $relType !== Entity::BELONGS_TO_PARENT) {
             $relEntity = $this->entityFactory->create($foreignEntityType);
 
-            $relEntity->set('id', $id);
+            $relEntity->set(Attribute::ID, $id);
         }
 
         $keySet = $this->helper->getRelationKeys($entity, $relationName);
@@ -1146,7 +1147,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
                 ];
 
                 $where = [
-                    'id' => $entity->getId(),
+                    Attribute::ID => $entity->getId(),
                 ];
 
                 if (!$all) {
@@ -1305,7 +1306,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
 
         $this->queryExecutor->execute($query);
 
-        if ($this->getAttributeParam($entity, 'id', 'autoincrement')) {
+        if ($this->getAttributeParam($entity, Attribute::ID, 'autoincrement')) {
             $this->setLastInsertIdWithinConnection($entity);
         }
     }
@@ -1319,12 +1320,12 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
             return;
         }
 
-        if ($entity->getAttributeType('id') === Entity::INT) {
+        if ($entity->getAttributeType(Attribute::ID) === Entity::INT) {
             $id = (int) $id;
         }
 
-        $entity->set('id', $id);
-        $entity->setFetched('id', $id);
+        $entity->set(Attribute::ID, $id);
+        $entity->setFetched(Attribute::ID, $id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1427,7 +1428,7 @@ class BaseMapper implements RDBMapper
         $valueMap = [];
 
         foreach ($this->toValueMap($entity) as $attribute => $value) {
-            if ($attribute == 'id') {
+            if ($attribute == Attribute::ID) {
                 continue;
             }
 
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/Helper.php b/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/Helper.php
index f79d634d79..b4f4c0394e 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/Helper.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/Mapper/Helper.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\ORM\Mapper;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\ORM\Metadata;
 
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use RuntimeException;
 
 class Helper
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ class Helper
 
                 $foreignKey = $defs->hasForeignKey() ?
                     $defs->getForeignKey() :
-                    'id';
+                    Attribute::ID;
 
                 return [
                     'key' => $key,
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ class Helper
 
             case Entity::HAS_MANY:
             case Entity::HAS_ONE:
-                $key = $defs->hasKey() ? $defs->getKey() : 'id';
+                $key = $defs->hasKey() ? $defs->getKey() : Attribute::ID;
 
                 $foreign = $defs->hasForeignRelationName() ?
                     $defs->getForeignRelationName() :
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ class Helper
                 ];
 
             case Entity::HAS_CHILDREN:
-                $key = $defs->hasKey() ? $defs->getKey() : 'id';
+                $key = $defs->hasKey() ? $defs->getKey() : Attribute::ID;
 
                 $foreignKey = $defs->hasForeignKey() ?
                     $defs->getForeignKey() :
@@ -118,11 +119,11 @@ class Helper
             case Entity::MANY_MANY:
                 $key = $defs->hasKey() ?
                     $defs->getKey() :
-                    'id';
+                    Attribute::ID;
 
                 $foreignKey = $defs->hasForeignKey() ?
                     $defs->getForeignKey() :
-                    'id';
+                    Attribute::ID;
 
                 $nearKey = $defs->hasMidKey() ?
                     $defs->getMidKey() :
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ class Helper
                 return [
                     'key' => $key,
                     'typeKey' => $typeKey,
-                    'foreignKey' => 'id',
+                    'foreignKey' => Attribute::ID,
                 ];
         }
 
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/Name/Attribute.php b/application/Espo/ORM/Name/Attribute.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fd96bfacfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/Name/Attribute.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+/************************************************************************
+ * This file is part of EspoCRM.
+ *
+ * EspoCRM – Open Source CRM application.
+ * Copyright (C) 2014-2024 Yurii Kuznietsov, Taras Machyshyn, Oleksii Avramenko
+ * Website: https://www.espocrm.com
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * The interactive user interfaces in modified source and object code versions
+ * of this program must display Appropriate Legal Notices, as required under
+ * Section 5 of the GNU Affero General Public License version 3.
+ *
+ * In accordance with Section 7(b) of the GNU Affero General Public License version 3,
+ * these Appropriate Legal Notices must retain the display of the "EspoCRM" word.
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+namespace Espo\ORM\Name;
+
+interface Attribute
+{
+    public const ID = 'id';
+    public const DELETED = 'deleted';
+}
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/BaseQueryComposer.php b/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/BaseQueryComposer.php
index 38f38f8085..5d95721289 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/BaseQueryComposer.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/BaseQueryComposer.php
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\BaseEntity;
 use Espo\ORM\EventDispatcher;
 use Espo\ORM\Metadata;
 use Espo\ORM\Mapper\Helper;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Expression;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Query;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\SelectingQuery;
@@ -628,8 +629,8 @@ abstract class BaseQueryComposer implements QueryComposer
 
         $entity = $this->getSeed($entityType);
 
-        if (!$params['withDeleted'] && $entity->hasAttribute('deleted')) {
-            $whereClause = $whereClause + ['deleted' => false];
+        if (!$params['withDeleted'] && $entity->hasAttribute(Attribute::DELETED)) {
+            $whereClause = $whereClause + [Attribute::DELETED => false];
         }
 
         $wherePart = $this->getWherePart($entity, $whereClause, 'AND', $params);
@@ -3349,7 +3350,7 @@ abstract class BaseQueryComposer implements QueryComposer
                 $foreignKey = $keySet['foreignKey'];
                 $distantTable = $this->toDb($foreignEntityType);
 
-                $leftIdColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$fromAlias." . $this->toDb('id'));
+                $leftIdColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$fromAlias." . $this->toDb(Attribute::ID));
                 $rightIdColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$alias." . $this->toDb($foreignKey));
                 $leftDeletedColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$alias.deleted");
 
@@ -3381,7 +3382,7 @@ abstract class BaseQueryComposer implements QueryComposer
 
                 $distantTable = $this->toDb($foreignEntityType);
 
-                $leftIdColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$fromAlias." . $this->toDb('id'));
+                $leftIdColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$fromAlias." . $this->toDb(Attribute::ID));
                 $rightIdColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$alias." . $this->toDb($foreignKey));
                 $leftTypeColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$alias." . $this->toDb($foreignType));
                 $leftDeletedColumn = $this->quoteColumn("$alias.deleted");
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/PostgresqlQueryComposer.php b/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/PostgresqlQueryComposer.php
index 507cadb62b..683f77437c 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/PostgresqlQueryComposer.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/QueryComposer/PostgresqlQueryComposer.php
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 namespace Espo\ORM\QueryComposer;
 
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Delete as DeleteQuery;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\DeleteBuilder;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Insert as InsertQuery;
@@ -363,7 +364,7 @@ class PostgresqlQueryComposer extends BaseQueryComposer
             $query->getOrder() !== []
         ) {
             $subQueryBuilder = SelectBuilder::create()
-                ->select('id')
+                ->select(Attribute::ID)
                 ->from($query->getFrom())
                 ->order($query->getOrder());
 
@@ -387,7 +388,7 @@ class PostgresqlQueryComposer extends BaseQueryComposer
                 ->from($query->getFrom(), $query->getFromAlias())
                 ->where(
                     Cond::in(
-                        Cond::column('id'),
+                        Cond::column(Attribute::ID),
                         $subQueryBuilder->build()
                     )
                 );
@@ -407,7 +408,7 @@ class PostgresqlQueryComposer extends BaseQueryComposer
             $query->getOrder() !== []
         ) {
             $subQueryBuilder = SelectBuilder::create()
-                ->select('id')
+                ->select(Attribute::ID)
                 ->from($query->getIn())
                 ->order($query->getOrder())
                 ->forUpdate();
@@ -433,7 +434,7 @@ class PostgresqlQueryComposer extends BaseQueryComposer
                 ->set($query->getSet())
                 ->where(
                     Cond::in(
-                        Cond::column('id'),
+                        Cond::column(Attribute::ID),
                         $subQueryBuilder->build()
                     )
                 );
@@ -490,7 +491,7 @@ class PostgresqlQueryComposer extends BaseQueryComposer
             }
         }
 
-        return ['id'];
+        return [Attribute::ID];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelation.php b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelation.php
index 80682a1fe2..662d0289b3 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelation.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelation.php
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityCollection;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
 use Espo\ORM\BaseEntity;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Select;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\WhereItem;
 use Espo\ORM\Query\Part\Selection;
@@ -304,7 +305,7 @@ class RDBRelation
      * @param (Order::ASC|Order::DESC)|bool|null $direction A direction.
      * @return Builder<TEntity>
      */
-    public function order($orderBy = 'id', $direction = null): Builder
+    public function order($orderBy = Attribute::ID, $direction = null): Builder
     {
         return $this->createSelectBuilder()->order($orderBy, $direction);
     }
@@ -413,8 +414,8 @@ class RDBRelation
         $this->processCheckForeignEntity($entity);
 
         return (bool) $this->createSelectBuilder()
-            ->select(['id'])
-            ->where(['id' => $entity->getId()])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
+            ->where([Attribute::ID => $entity->getId()])
             ->findOne();
     }
 
@@ -429,8 +430,8 @@ class RDBRelation
         }
 
         return (bool) $this->createSelectBuilder()
-            ->select(['id'])
-            ->where(['id' => $id])
+            ->select([Attribute::ID])
+            ->where([Attribute::ID => $id])
             ->findOne();
     }
 
@@ -492,7 +493,7 @@ class RDBRelation
 
         $seed = $this->entityManager->getEntityFactory()->create($foreignEntityType);
 
-        $seed->set('id', $id);
+        $seed->set(Attribute::ID, $id);
 
         $this->relate($seed, $columnData, $options);
     }
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ class RDBRelation
 
         $seed = $this->entityManager->getEntityFactory()->create($foreignEntityType);
 
-        $seed->set('id', $id);
+        $seed->set(Attribute::ID, $id);
 
         $this->unrelate($seed, $options);
     }
@@ -542,7 +543,7 @@ class RDBRelation
 
         $seed = $this->entityManager->getEntityFactory()->create($foreignEntityType);
 
-        $seed->set('id', $id);
+        $seed->set(Attribute::ID, $id);
 
         $this->updateColumns($seed, $columnData);
     }
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelationSelectBuilder.php b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelationSelectBuilder.php
index 93d7160025..f477b3aeac 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelationSelectBuilder.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRelationSelectBuilder.php
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace Espo\ORM\Repository;
 use Espo\ORM\Collection;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityCollection;
 use Espo\ORM\Mapper\RDBMapper;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\SthCollection;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
@@ -368,7 +369,7 @@ class RDBRelationSelectBuilder
      * @param (Order::ASC|Order::DESC)|bool|null $direction Select::ORDER_ASC|Select::ORDER_DESC.
      * @return self<TEntity>
      */
-    public function order($orderBy = 'id', $direction = null): self
+    public function order($orderBy = Attribute::ID, $direction = null): self
     {
         $this->builder->order($orderBy, $direction);
 
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRepository.php b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRepository.php
index f21f16b8a0..ff418e79bd 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRepository.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBRepository.php
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ use Espo\ORM\Defs\RelationDefs;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityFactory;
 use Espo\ORM\Collection;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\Relation\Relations;
 use Espo\ORM\Relation\RelationsMap;
 use Espo\ORM\Repository\Deprecation\RDBRepositoryDeprecationTrait;
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ class RDBRepository implements Repository
             ->getQueryBuilder()
             ->select()
             ->from($this->entityType)
-            ->where(['id' => $id])
+            ->where([Attribute::ID => $id])
             ->build();
 
         /** @var ?TEntity $entity */
@@ -422,7 +423,7 @@ class RDBRepository implements Repository
      * @param (Order::ASC|Order::DESC)|bool|null $direction A direction.
      * @return RDBSelectBuilder<TEntity>
      */
-    public function order($orderBy = 'id', $direction = null): RDBSelectBuilder
+    public function order($orderBy = Attribute::ID, $direction = null): RDBSelectBuilder
     {
         return $this->createSelectBuilder()->order($orderBy, $direction);
     }
diff --git a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBSelectBuilder.php b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBSelectBuilder.php
index a3b3ea42d5..100ec54338 100644
--- a/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBSelectBuilder.php
+++ b/application/Espo/ORM/Repository/RDBSelectBuilder.php
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ namespace Espo\ORM\Repository;
 
 use Espo\ORM\Collection;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityCollection;
+use Espo\ORM\Name\Attribute;
 use Espo\ORM\SthCollection;
 use Espo\ORM\Entity;
 use Espo\ORM\EntityManager;
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@ class RDBSelectBuilder
      * @param (Order::ASC|Order::DESC)|bool|null $direction A direction.
      * @return RDBSelectBuilder<TEntity>
      */
-    public function order($orderBy = 'id', $direction = null): self
+    public function order($orderBy = Attribute::ID, $direction = null): self
     {
         $this->builder->order($orderBy, $direction);